North West
MEES 2031 exposure in Liverpool
162 of the 238 industrial and warehouse buildings over 1,000 m² in Liverpool with an EPC are rated C to E: 5.6m sq ft (519,908 m²) of floorspace that meets today's E minimum but falls short of the proposed EPC B standard.
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Liverpool in figures
EPC register, snapshot 30 Sep 2026
- Rated C to E
- 5.6m sq ft519,908 m² in 162 buildings
- Rated F or G
- 6 buildings288k sq ft (26,796 m²), below today's E minimum
- Rated A+ to B
- 70 buildingsAlready at the proposed standard
- Share below B
- 71%Of 238 buildings over 1,000 m². England and Wales: 70%
Liverpool has the 52nd most floorspace rated C to E of 316 local authorities in England and Wales, and the 13th most of 35 in the North West.
EPC rating mix
Share of buildings over 1,000 m², by latest EPC rating
- Liverpool238 buildings29%68%
- North West5,313 buildings28%69%
- England and Wales38,148 buildings30%67%
Latest certificate per building from the government's EPC register, snapshot 30 Sep 2026. Industrial and warehouse uses (B2 and B8), floor area over 1,000 m² as declared on the EPC; 1 m² is 10.7639 sq ft. How we count it
What stands out in Liverpool
Compared with the other 34 local authorities in the North West and with England and Wales, from the same EPC register snapshot.
- Most of its floorspace rated C to E, 53% or 2.9m sq ft (273,991 m²), is in 142 buildings of 1,000 to 5,000 m².
- Its largest buildings are likelier to meet B: 44% of the 18 over 10,000 m² are rated B or better, against 23% of those of 1,000 to 5,000 m².
- 94 of its 168 buildings rated C to G (56%) have an EPC that has lapsed or is estimated to lapse before 2031, against 54% across England and Wales; 34 have already lapsed.
- 30 of its 84 C-rated buildings (36%) have an asset rating of 51 to 60, within 10 points of band B: 1.1m sq ft (99,698 m²) of floorspace. Across England and Wales it's 37%.
- Its storage and distribution buildings are likelier to meet B (33%) than its general industrial ones (22%).
- In the 12 months to 30 Sep 2026, 75 industrial and warehouse buildings of any size here had an EPC lodged to be let and 7 for a marketed sale, 82 in all: the 4th most of 35 local authorities in the North West.
- The recommendation lodged most often on its certificates rated C to G is “Consider installing solar water heating” (EPC-R3), on 112 of 168 buildings.
Every rating, A+ to G
Liverpool's 238 industrial and warehouse buildings over 1,000 m² by latest EPC rating, beside the North West and the whole of England and Wales.
By latest EPC rating
Share is of buildings over 1,000 m² in each area.
| Rating | Buildings | Floor area | Share | North West | England and Wales |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A+ | 0 | 0 sq ft0 m² | 0% | 1% | 2% |
| A | 25 | 1.7m sq ft159,941 m² | 11% | 9% | 10% |
| B | 45 | 3.3m sq ft306,277 m² | 19% | 18% | 19% |
| C | 84 | 3.4m sq ft314,037 m² | 35% | 37% | 36% |
| D | 51 | 1.6m sq ft147,476 m² | 21% | 22% | 22% |
| E | 27 | 629k sq ft58,395 m² | 11% | 10% | 9% |
| F | 3 | 241k sq ft22,395 m² | 1% | 1% | 1% |
| G | 3 | 47k sq ft4,401 m² | 1% | 2% | 2% |
Within 10 points of B
Rated C with an asset rating of 51 to 60. Band B ends at 50.
30 buildings
Of 84 rated C (36%), with 1.1m sq ft (99,698 m²) of floorspace. England and Wales: 37% of C-rated buildings.
By building size
Floor area as declared on the EPC.
| Floor area | Buildings | Rated B or better | C to E floor area |
|---|---|---|---|
| Over 1,000 to 5,000 m² | 192 | 23%45 of 192 | 2.9m sq ft273,991 m² |
| Over 5,000 to 10,000 m² | 28 | 61%17 of 28 | 753k sq ft69,924 m² |
| Over 10,000 m² | 18 | 44%8 of 18 | 1.9m sq ft175,993 m² |
Certificates and lettings
An EPC lasts 10 years, and a valid one is needed to let or sell. We estimate expiry as the lodgement date plus 10 years.
When the certificates lapse
Buildings over 1,000 m², by when their latest EPC lapses, at 30 Sep 2026.
| EPC lapses | All buildings | Rated C to G | C to G floor area |
|---|---|---|---|
| Already lapsed | 46 | 34 | 1.2m sq ft113,776 m² |
| Rest of 2026 | 0 | 0 | 0 sq ft0 m² |
| In 2027 | 9 | 7 | 162k sq ft15,041 m² |
| In 2028 | 27 | 25 | 1.3m sq ft122,440 m² |
| In 2029 | 19 | 17 | 638k sq ft59,232 m² |
| In 2030 | 14 | 11 | 443k sq ft41,188 m² |
| 2031 or later | 123 | 74 | 2.1m sq ft195,027 m² |
New EPCs in the last year
Industrial and warehouse buildings of any size whose latest EPC was lodged in the 12 months to 30 Sep 2026, by the reason on the certificate.
- To let
- 75buildings
- Marketed sale
- 7buildings
- New build
- 1building
- Other reasons
- 2buildings
85 in all: 88% to let, against 56% across England and Wales. How the daily feed works
Uses, heating and recommendations
What the buildings are used for, how they're heated, and what assessors recommended on the certificates of those rated C to G.
By use
Use from the EPC's property type.
| Use | Buildings | B or better | C to E | F or G | C to E floor area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Storage and distribution (B8) | 156 | 52 | 101 | 3 | 3.5m sq ft326,942 m² |
| General industrial (B2) | 82 | 18 | 61 | 3 | 2.1m sq ft192,966 m² |
By main heating fuel
As recorded on each building's latest EPC.
| Main heating fuel | Buildings | Share | England and Wales |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural gas | 111 | 47% | 53% |
| Grid supplied electricity | 103 | 43% | 37% |
| Other | 19 | 8% | 4% |
| Biomass | 3 | 1% | 1% |
| LPG | 1 | 0% | 1% |
| Oil | 1 | 0% | 4% |
What assessors recommend
The five most common on the latest certificates of its 168 buildings rated C to G, in the register's wording. A recommendation is the assessor's, not a requirement.
- 01
Consider installing solar water heating.
EPC-R3. On 112 of 168 buildings (67%)
- 02
Consider installing building mounted wind turbine(s).
EPC-R2. On 109 of 168 buildings (65%)
- 03
Consider replacing T8 lamps with retrofit T5 conversion kit.
EPC-L5. On 108 of 168 buildings (64%)
- 04
Add optimum start/stop to the heating system.
EPC-H7. On 92 of 168 buildings (55%)
- 05
Introduce HF (high frequency) ballasts for fluorescent tubes: Reduced number of fittings required.
EPC-L7. On 89 of 168 buildings (53%)
How Liverpool compares
Liverpool has 0.6% of the industrial floorspace rated C to E in England and Wales. 71% of its buildings over 1,000 m² are below B, against 72% across the North West and 70% nationally.
Against the region and the country
| Area | Over 1,000 m² | Rated C to E | C to E floor area | Rated F or G | Share below B |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liverpool | 238 | 162 | 5.6m sq ft519,908 m² | 6 | 71% |
| North West | 5,313 | 3,674 | 160.1m sq ft14,878,125 m² | 163 | 72% |
| England and Wales | 38,148 | 25,619 | 1.01bn sq ft94,020,657 m² | 1,037 | 70% |
Nearby in the North West ranking
| Rank | Local authority | C to E floor area |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | Blackburn with Darwen | 6.2m sq ft571,742 m² |
| 12 | Knowsley | 6.0m sq ft561,656 m² |
| 13 | Liverpool | 5.6m sq ft519,908 m² |
| 14 | West Lancashire | 5.6m sq ft519,544 m² |
| 15 | Tameside | 5.3m sq ft496,776 m² |
What the 2031 proposal means
In June 2026 the government said it intends that privately rented non-domestic buildings over 1,000 m² reach EPC B from 2031, where cost effective. It needs secondary legislation, so for now it's a proposal, not law. What the proposal means
C to E: fine today, short of B
Liverpool has 162 buildings over 1,000 m² rated C to E. They meet today's E minimum, but would fall short of B if the proposal becomes law while they're let.F or G: below the minimum already
6 buildings in Liverpool are rated F or G. If let, they already need an improvement or a registered exemption under today's rules.Where cost effective, and only when let
The 7-year payback test and the exemptions remain. Owner-occupied buildings are counted too, as an EPC can't say whether a building is let. Local weights and measures authorities enforce the rules. MEES in plain EnglishRatings change at renewal
94 of Liverpool's buildings rated C to G have an EPC that has lapsed or is estimated to lapse before 2031. Each needs a new certificate before it's let or sold, and the new rating may differ.
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